Salvation
Definition:
Salvation is the deliverance from sin and its consequences, secured through faith in Jesus Christ’s atoning death and resurrection. It includes justification, sanctification, and eventual glorification.
Biblical References:
“For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God.” – Ephesians 2:8 (KJV)
“Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.” – Romans 10:13 (NIV)
Why It Matters:
Understanding salvation is foundational for Christian life—it defines our relationship with God, assures us of eternal life, and calls us into a life of repentance, trust, and transformation.
Further Reading:
Knowing God by J.I. Packer, writings from Billy Graham, Desiring God articles, sermons on Romans 10, and foundational theology courses.
Grace
Definition:
Grace is the unmerited favor of God, freely given to humanity for salvation and daily living. It is not earned by works but is a gift that reflects God’s love and mercy.
Biblical References:
“But he giveth more grace.” – James 4:6 (KJV)
“For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people.” – Titus 2:11 (ESV)
Why It Matters:
Grace highlights God’s initiative in the salvation process and sustains believers through every trial and stage of spiritual growth. It replaces performance with dependence on God’s goodness.
Further Reading:
The Grace Awakening by Charles Swindoll, teachings from R.C. Sproul, Strong’s Concordance on "charis," and Grace to You Ministries.
Faith
Definition:
Faith is complete trust and reliance on God, especially in His promises, character, and redemptive work through Jesus Christ. It is both a gift and a response to divine truth.
Biblical References:
“Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.” – Hebrews 11:1 (KJV)
“Without faith it is impossible to please God.” – Hebrews 11:6 (NIV)
Why It Matters:
Faith is the means by which we receive salvation, grow in spiritual maturity, and overcome worldly fears. It bridges the seen and unseen, the temporal and the eternal.
Further Reading:
Faith by Smith Wigglesworth, BibleProject’s “Faith” word study, John Piper’s sermons, and classic teachings on Hebrews 11.
Repentance
Definition:
Repentance is a heartfelt turning away from sin and turning toward God, involving sorrow for sin, confession, and a commitment to change, empowered by the Holy Spirit.
Biblical References:
“Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near.” – Matthew 4:17 (NIV)
“Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation.” – 2 Corinthians 7:10 (KJV)
Why It Matters:
True repentance restores relationship with God, transforms behavior, and prepares the heart for faith and spiritual growth. It is a continual posture in the Christian life.
Further Reading:
Ray Comfort’s God Has a Wonderful Plan for Your Life, teachings from Paul Washer, and Greek studies on “metanoia” (change of mind).
Baptism
Definition:
Baptism is a public declaration of faith, symbolizing the believer’s identification with Christ’s death, burial, and resurrection. It represents spiritual cleansing, rebirth, and entrance into the Christian community.
Biblical References:
“Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins.” – Acts 2:38 (KJV)
“We were therefore buried with him through baptism into death…” – Romans 6:4 (NIV)
Why It Matters:
Baptism marks a believer's visible commitment to Christ and affirms the inner work of salvation. It also reflects obedience and unity with the global Church.
Further Reading:
Catechisms (e.g., Heidelberg, Westminster), teachings from John the Baptist, early Church Fathers, and denominational perspectives on infant vs. believer’s baptism.
The Holy Spirit
Definition:
The Holy Spirit is the third Person of the Trinity, who indwells, empowers, teaches, convicts, and guides believers. He is God's active presence in the world and within the Church.
Biblical References:
“But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost… he shall teach you all things.” – John 14:26 (KJV)
“You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you.” – Acts 1:8 (NIV)
Why It Matters:
The Holy Spirit brings transformation, reveals truth, gives spiritual gifts, and enables believers to live godly lives. His presence is essential for Christian growth and spiritual discernment.
Further Reading:
Francis Chan’s Forgotten God, Derek Prince’s teachings, Systematic Theology by Wayne Grudem, and Pentecostal/charismatic theology resources.
The Kingdom of God
Definition:
The Kingdom of God is the reign of God over all creation, especially manifest through Christ’s rule in the hearts of believers, the Church, and the fulfillment of God’s purposes on earth and in eternity.
Biblical References:
“The kingdom of God is not coming in ways that can be observed… for behold, the kingdom of God is in the midst of you.” – Luke 17:20–21 (ESV)
“Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness.” – Matthew 6:33 (KJV)
Why It Matters:
Understanding the Kingdom shifts our focus from temporary goals to eternal priorities. It helps believers live in alignment with God’s values and participate in His redemptive mission.
Further Reading:
George Eldon Ladd’s The Gospel of the Kingdom, N.T. Wright’s Kingdom theology, Tim Keller sermons, and BibleProject’s “Heaven and Earth” videos.